Contents
In this article, we will learn how to use NPK fertilizer for plants, how much NPK per plant, the problems of using chemical fertilizers, and more. We will also learn some basic concepts about the NPK fertilizer – the NPK component, DAP fertilizer, and what ratio of NPK fertilizer to use.
- NPK 19 19 19 fertilizer for plants Water soluble and Contains all the required nutrients for plants..Helps plants do everything better, because when plants have sufficient calcium and phosphorus, a whole host of other processes can happen properly.Gives Essential for vegetative growth in early stages and seed and flower formation in later stages.
What is a Fertilizer?
A fertilizer is a material added to the soil to supply one or more elements required for plant growth and productivity. In simple words, it’s Plant Food!
The 3 Major elements of a fertilizer are Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium (N-P-K).
The secondary elements are calcium, sulfur, magnesium, and other elements. Fertilizers enhance the natural fertility of the soil.
Functions of Each Major Element in NPK
- N (Nitrogen): Promotes leaf growth and forms proteins and chlorophyll. Nitrogen is essential for photosynthesis, which allows plants to convert sunlight into energy. It is also a key component of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, and nucleic acids, which are vital for cell division and growth.
- P (Phosphorus): Contributes to root, flower, and fruit development. Phosphorus is a crucial element for energy transfer within the plant, as it is a component of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of cells. It also plays a critical role in photosynthesis, nutrient transport, and the transformation of sugars and starches.
- K (Potassium): Contributes to stem and root growth and the synthesis of proteins. Potassium is vital for the regulation of water and nutrient movement within the plant. It activates enzymes involved in photosynthesis and respiration, helps in the synthesis of proteins and starches, and improves the plant’s resistance to diseases and environmental stresses such as drought and frost.
- Additional Micronutrients:
While NPK are the primary macronutrients, plants also require several micronutrients in smaller amounts to thrive:
– Calcium (Ca): Necessary for cell wall formation, membrane function, and root and leaf development. It helps in the proper functioning of certain enzymes and is essential for overall plant structure and stability.
– Magnesium (Mg): A central component of the chlorophyll molecule, essential for photosynthesis. Magnesium is also involved in enzyme activation and the synthesis of nucleic acids.
– Sulfur (S): Important for the formation of amino acids, proteins, and vitamins. Sulfur is also essential for chlorophyll formation and helps in the activation of certain enzymes.
– Iron (Fe): Vital for the synthesis of chlorophyll and acts as a catalyst in various biochemical reactions. Iron is essential for electron transport within cells, which is crucial for energy production.
– Manganese (Mn): Involved in photosynthesis, respiration, and nitrogen assimilation. Manganese activates several important metabolic processes and enzyme functions.
– Boron (B): Plays a role in cell wall formation, membrane integrity, and reproductive development. Boron is essential for the movement of sugars and nutrients within the plant.
– Zinc (Zn): Important for hormone production, enzyme function, and protein synthesis. Zinc also aids in the formation of chlorophyll and certain carbohydrates.
– Copper (Cu): Involved in photosynthesis, respiration, and the formation of lignin in cell walls. Copper is also necessary for various enzyme functions and protein synthesis.
– Molybdenum (Mo): Essential for nitrogen fixation and the conversion of nitrates into amino acids. Molybdenum is a key component of certain enzymes required for these processes.
Types of Fertilizers
There are broadly two types of fertilizers:
1. Organic Fertilizers
Organic fertilizers include properly managed manure and compost. For example, Manure, derived from livestock waste, is rich in essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are vital for plant development. These natural amendments enhance soil fertility and structure, promoting healthy plant growth while reducing the need for chemical inputs. When properly composted, manure not only provides these nutrients but also improves soil aeration and moisture retention.
Check this Article below on How To Make Organic NPK Fertilizer with All nutrients incorporated for all Plants – Universal Fertilizer Powder.
Compost, on the other hand, is created from decomposed organic matter such as kitchen scraps, yard waste, and other biodegradable materials. The composting process breaks down these materials into rich, dark humus that can be mixed into the soil to boost its organic content. This humus not only supplies nutrients but also fosters beneficial microbial activity, which helps plants to better absorb these nutrients.
Using organic fertilizers also supports sustainable agricultural practices by recycling waste materials and reducing reliance on synthetic fertilizers, which can lead to soil degradation and environmental pollution. Additionally, organic fertilizers release nutrients more slowly and steadily compared to their synthetic counterparts, providing a more consistent nutrient supply to plants over time.
Incorporating organic fertilizers into gardening or farming practices can result in healthier plants, improved soil health, and a more balanced ecosystem.
2. Inorganic Fertilizers
Inorganic fertilizers, also known as artificial fertilizers (commonly referred to as chemical fertilizers or synthetic fertilizers by organic gardeners), are formulated in appropriate concentrations and combinations to supply the three main nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK fertilizers).
In addition to the primary nutrients, inorganic fertilizers often contain secondary nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, and sulfur, as well as trace elements like iron, manganese, zinc, copper, molybdenum, and boron, which are essential for plant health and development. These fertilizers are manufactured through various chemical processes, and their nutrient content is typically more predictable and immediately available to plants compared to organic fertilizers.
Inorganic fertilizers come in several forms, including granules, pellets, powders, and liquids, allowing for diverse application methods such as broadcasting, side-dressing, foliar feeding, and fertigation. The precise composition of these fertilizers can be tailored to meet the specific needs of different crops, soil types, and growing conditions, making them a versatile tool in modern agriculture.
However, the use of inorganic fertilizers is not without concern, as discussed above.
NPK Fertilizers vs DAP Fertilizer vs UREA fertilizer
NPK fertilizers, DAP fertilizers, and UREA fertilizers each offer distinct benefits for growing plants by providing essential nutrients that plants need for healthy growth.
NPK fertilizers come in various n-p-k ratios, such as 20-20-20, which offer a balanced NPK ratio to feed plants with the major nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. These are crucial for the development of shoots and leaves, root growth, and fruit production. If you’re growing potted plants or leafy vegetables, it’s important to apply NPK fertilizer according to the instructions on the fertilizer label to match your plant’s needs.
DAP fertilizer (diammonium phosphate) is especially beneficial for crops that thrive with higher phosphorus levels, enhancing root development and overall plant health. It is often used at the beginning of the growing season to promote strong early growth.
UREA fertilizer, being high in nitrogen, is ideal for crops that need a boost in foliage density and shoots and leaves production. It’s typically absorbed by plants quickly, making it suitable for a rapid nutrient fix. Both granular and powdered forms are available, and it’s important to dilute properly to avoid root burn.
Choosing the right fertilizer involves understanding the specific plants’ needs and the npk ratio that benefits them most. For example, different plants have varying requirements: some may need a high potassium content for better crop yields, while others may require a slow-release formula to sustain them throughout the season. Always check the fertilizer label and follow the recommended guidelines for applying fertilizer to keep your plants healthy and thriving.
Commonly used NPK ratios or percentages of 20-20-20 (same as 19-19-19), or 10-10-10.
How To Use NPK?
Careful fertilization with the correct quantity is important because excess nutrients can be detrimental, especially with the use of chemical fertilizers. Fertilizer burn can occur when too much fertilizer is applied, resulting in the drying out of the leaves and damage or even death of the plant. This is not the case with organic or natural fertilizers.
The fertilizer shown here is NPK 20-20-20. A 1-kilogram bag costs about 250 to 300 INR. You can purchase this in India through the link – NPK Fertilizer Purchase.
Application Instructions
- For larger pots (16–18 inch diameter), use 15 to 20 crystals once every 15 days.
- For 12 to 14-inch pot diameters, use around 10 crystals every fortnight.
- For smaller pots, about 5 crystals should suffice.
- For ground soil, you can use a slightly larger quantity without any issues.
Easy Method of Application
Just throw the crystals on the soil. They are water-soluble. As you keep watering your plant, the NPK slowly dissolves in water and enters the soil, and the roots slowly take up these elements as and when required.
Video Tutorial On Using NPK Fertilizer
Watch this video tutorial below on NPK fertilizer usage.
Last update on 2025-04-03 / Affiliate links / Images from Amazon Product Advertising API
4 comments
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How to use water Soluble n. P. K.
Water and npk Quantity ratio ?
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